Reinforcement for piles, columns, girders, &amp;c.



R. A. CUMMINGS.

REINFORCEMENT FOR FILES, COLUMNS, GIRDERS, dw.

APPLICATION FILED 1,11". 3, 1m.

Patented May 12, 1914.

2 EHEETS-SIIBEE l.

mvsm'org nan "LIL lulu I lli WITNE$SES R, A. CUMMINGS. RBH'TnR-GEMENTFOR FILES, COLUMNS, GIRDBRS, 6w.

APPLIGATION IILED JAN. 3, 1911.

Patented May 12, 1914.

2 SHBBTS-BHBET 2.

INVENTOR ROBERT A. CUMMINGS, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

REINFORCEMENT FOR PILES, COLUMNS, GIRDERS, 8w.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 12, 1914.

Application filed January 3, 1911. Serial No. 600,594.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT A. CUMMINGS a resident of Pittsburgh, in thecount 0 Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, ave invented a new anduseful Improvement in Reinforcement for Piles, Columns, Girders, &c. ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to reinforcements for concrete piles, poles,posts, columns, girders, slabs and the like.

' The object of the invention is to provide a simple and eflicient meansfor holding the main reinforcing members of such structures in properrelative positions when embedding the same in the cement.

Cement iles, poles, posts and the like must be mo dad in horizontalposition, gird-- ers are always molded in horizontal position, andcolumns may be molded in that position. The main reinforcing membersextend longitudinally of these structures and necessarily are ofconsiderable length. Hence more or less difiicult is experienced inbolding them spaced at t e proper distance a art and in the pro erposition in the mol so that they will uniformly disposed in the finishedstructure.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple vspacin ringor member which will securely hol the longitudinal members in properrelation to each other.

The invention comprises the construction and arran ment of partshereinafter described an claimed.

In the accom anying drawing Figure 1 is a side view 0 a rtion of themetal re inforcement for t e pile, pole, post or column with myinvention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same; Fig. 3is a. perspective view on an enlar edlscale showing one manner ofsecuring t e longitudinal reinforcin member in the spacing ring; Fig. 4is a similar view illustrating a mo ification; Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview of the clip for securing the hoops or bands to the lon 'tudinalmembers; Fig. 6 is a side view o a reinforcement for a. continuousgirder showin theinvention applied thereto; Figs. 7 an 8 are crosssections taken respectively on the lines 7-7 and 8-8, Fig. 6; and Figs.9 to 12 are detail views showing other applications of the'invention.

The reinforcement for a pile, pole, post or column comprises a suitablenumber of longitudinal members 1 which may be either round or deformedbars, small sections of angle, T, channel or other bars, or othersuitable metallic bars. As many of such longitudinal bars will beemployed as necessary or desired, varying with the size of the finishedstructure, with the load to which it is to be subjected, and with theconditions of use. It is customary to use in conjunction with theselongitudinal reinforcing bars a suitable number of endless bands orhoops 2 encircling the longitudinal members and suitably securedthereto. These hoops or hands are usually made of thin hoop or bandmetal and their purpose and function is to encircle a considerableportion of the body of concrete. They are too thin and flexible to holdthe longitudinal members properly spaced apart when lying in horizontalposition, as is the case during molding. The means for securing thebands or hoops to the longitudinal bars may be of various forms, suchfor instance as shown in my Patent No. 879,148 of February 18, 1908, or

in my Patent No. 828,931 of August 21, 1906,

but which preferably comprises a clip 3 constructed as shown in Fig. 5.This clip is formed of spring sheet metal and has two legs 4 eachprovided with an edge notch somewhat greater than a semi-circle andhaving the projecting portions 5 at the edges of the notches adapted tobe bent to one side to permit the clip being slipped onto thelongitudinal rods 1 and then bent back to normal position to retain therods.- The back or loop portion 6 of the clip is quite long and narrowedas shown. It is arranged to receive the band 2 between itself and therod 1, after which the sides of the projecting part 6 are pinchedtogether to tightly clamp the band 2 t0 the rod 1.

The spacing means for the longitudinal bars while being molded comprisesrings 8 which will be placed at suitable intervals longitudinally of thebars 1, and which are arranged inside of such bars. These rings arepreferably of fiat metal arranged with their flat faces transverse tothe axis of the structure, to reinforce the same and resist transversedeformation or breaking, and on their outer or peripheral faces areprovided with notches '9 to receive the longitudinal rods 1. Thesenotches are of such depth that after the rods are placed thereinthemetal at the edges of the notches can be slightly upset or peened asshown at 10, Fig. 3, to secure the rods in the notches. Only a slightdeformation of the metal is necessary to hold the rods so securely inthe notches of the ring that the whole structure can be suspended fromone of said rods.

Fig. 4 shows a slight modification in which the notches are somewhatdeeper and pro-' rided at their outer edges with projecting portions 11which can be bent sidewise or normal to. the plane of the ring, andafter the rod is placed in the notch one or both of said projections arebent back into the plane of the ring and thuscserve as a means toprevent the rod from escaping from the notch. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 show thesame principle applied to a girder or slab. Here the usual longitudinalbars 1 .are disposed in the top, and bars 1 in the bottom of the girderand are held properly spaced by the internal annular spacers 8*,identical with the rings 8 except that instead of being circular theyconform to the cross sectional shape of the girder or slab. Any desirednumber of longitudinal bars 1 and 1 can be held by these spacers,depending on the width of the girder or slab, or the load to be carriedthereby.

With continuous girders supported be tween their ends, as in Fig. 6, itisdesirable to introduce zigzag bars 12 to take care of the change ofstresses in passing over the points of supports 13. These zigzag bars 12can also be held by the spacing members 8*, as shown.

In the manufacture of piles, poles, posts or columns according to thisinvention the metal reinforcement consisting of the longitudinal members1 and hoops or hands 2 are assembled in the usual way, and spacing rings8 are placed inside of the same at suitable intervals apart to hold thelongitudinal members in proper relative positions when lyinghorizontally, and the metal at the edges of the notches 9' is deformedor bent so as to secure the longitudinal members to the rings. While themetal is being bent or deformed, the hoops or bands 2 act as ties tohold the longitudinal members in place in their notches,.so that theentire unit can be readily and easily handled during its finalassembling. In the case of girders and slabs the hoops or bands are, ofcourse, omitted, but the other parts, including the zigzag members whenused, are assembled as described.- The spacing rings are placedsufficiently close together so that the longitudinal bars will not sagmaterially between the same. The reinforcement in this condition is thenplaced in a horizontal mold or over centering, and either supported fromthe bottom, but in the case of piles, poles, etc., preferablysuspended'from above by wires or the like, and the concrete then filledinto the mold and rammed tight. The spacing rings described hold thebars sufiiciently securely'so that they cannot be displaced by theweight of the concrete or the force of ramming the same,- and hold saidbars substantially straight. As a consequence the longi tudinalreinforcing members in the finished structure are substantiallystraight, are uniformly distributed throughout the concrete, are spacedthe proper distance apart and located substantially a uniform distancefrom the surface of the concrete so as to develop their maximumefficiency. The spacing members described add very little to the cost ofthe finished structure, and require only a small amount of labor tomanufacture and apply, and save materially in the handling andmanipulation of the reinforcement in placing in the mold and duringramming, as well as resulting'in a morev eflicient and completestructure.

Fig. 9 shows the principle applied to a narrow girder having a singlecompression member '1 and a single tension member 1". The spacercomprises a simple plate 8" notched at its ends to receive thelongitudinal members and hold them in place. This spacer may also beused in horizontal position in slabs and the like to hold in properposition members which lie in the same plane. a

For two series of longitudinal members lying in adjacent planes a spacersuch as shown in Fig. 10 may be used. This comprises a plate 8 providedin its edges with notches for receiving the two series of rods,

to wit, the upper series 1 and the lower ser1es 1, these being held inthe notches'by upsetting or peening the metal at the edges of thenotches as shown. This plate may, or may not be provided with legs 15 tocon tact with the centering 16 and hold the metal reinforcements at theproper elevation.

Figs. 11 and 12 show a plate 8 notched at its ends to receive the bentends 17 of tension rods 18 and 19, and serving as a splicing means forsaid rods. Theplate is upset or peened at the notches to secure the endsof said rods. This plate may ormay not be provided with edge wings 20 tobe wrapped around the rods 18 and 19 to hold them in place. A separatering or like means may be used in place of these wings.

What I claim is: A reinforcement for concrete piles, poles, posts,columns, girders, etc. comprising longitudinal reinforcing members,spacing members each consisting of a flat annulus located in a planetransverse to the longitu dinal members and between the same andprovided in its outer peripheral edges with notches in which thelongitudinal members are seated, and having the metal of said edgesadjacent said notches deformed to secure the longitudinal members inplace, and

- binding members comprising endless hoops 0r bands encircling saidlongitudinal members and arranged to hold the same in said notches whilebeing secured therein, said binding members also acting as circumfenential relnforclng tles or bands. 10

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set

